Ruler: Gallienus 253-268 ADValue; DenariusReverse Legend ETERNITY AVG - Γ (rare mark)Grade Good very fine (MBC)AsMinth: RomeWeigth and Diameter: 1.73 gr. 17 mmMetal Silvered BronzeRome mint. Rare and very rare with Γ in left field.Obv.: GALLIENVS AVGLaureate head right /Rev.: AETERNITAS AVG - Γ Sol standing left, raising right hand and holding globe with left.RIC V 348; MIR 36, 661t; RSC 42.Extremely fine condition.
 
Historical & Numismatic Context
Emperor Gallienus (253–268 AD)
 
Family & Succession: Gallienus was the son of Emperor Valerian and co-ruled with him starting in 253 AD. When Valerian was captured by the Persian King Shapur I in 260 AD, Gallienus became sole emperor.
 
The Crisis of the Third Century: Gallienus’s reign took place during a particularly turbulent period marked by continuous invasions, internal rebellions, and frequent changes of emperors.
 
Reforms & Military Campaigns:
 
He reorganized the Roman army, granting more authority to cavalry units.
Faced multiple rebellions, including breakaway empires such as the Gallic Empire in the west and the Palmyrene Empire in the east.
He issued numerous coin types to pay and reward his soldiers, leading to a wide variety of designs and mint marks.
 
Coinage Significance:
 
Antoniniani of Gallienus often depict him with a radiate crown (to symbolize the sun’s rays and imperial majesty).
Reverse designs frequently honor Roman gods, military victories, or express messages of peace and stability (e.g., “Pax,” “Victory,” “Fortuna”).
Over time, the silver content declined, reflecting the empire’s economic struggles.
Why This Coin Matters
Artistic & Historical Value: Coins from Gallienus’s reign offer insight into Roman propaganda and the empire’s attempts to project strength amidst chaos.
 
Portrait Evolution: His coins display a distinctive bearded portrait, reflecting changing fashion and imperial styles of the mid-3rd century.
 
Collectibility: Despite being common in some cases, well-preserved Gallienus antoniniani still attract collectors, particularly when the reverse imagery or mint marks are clear.